This article presents how to install Oracle 12C(12.1) Release 1 on Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 (OEL7).

Read following article how to install Oracle Enterprise Linux 7: Install Oracle Linux 7 (OEL7) (for comfort set 4G memory for your virtual machine before proceeding with Oracle software installation).

Software

Software for 12CR1 is available on OTN or edelivery

• OTN: Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2) Software (64-bit).

• edelivery: Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2) Software (64-bit)

Database software

linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip 
linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip

OS configuration and preparation

OS configuration is executed as root. To login as root just execute following command in terminal.

su - root

The “/etc/hosts” file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.

<IP-address>  <fully-qualified-machine-name>  <machine-name>

For example.

127.0.0.1 oel7 oel7.dbaora.com localhost.localdomain localhost

Set hostname

hostnamectl set-hostname oel7.dbaora.com --static

Add groups

#groups for database management
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin

Add user Oracle for database software

useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba oracle

Change password for user Oracle

passwd oracle

Packages

Check which packages are installed and which are missing

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}(%{ARCH})\n' binutils \
compat-libcap1 \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-devel \
ksh \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
libXi \
libXtst \
make \
sysstat

You can install missing packages from dvd. Just mount it and install missing packages using rpm -Uvh command from directory <mount dvd>/Packages or by using yum install command.

NOTE – I’m using x86_64 version of packages

First option from dvd

rpm -Uvh libaio-devel*.x86_64.rpm
rpm -Uvh ksh*.x86_64.rpm

Second option using yum install command. It requires access to internet.

yum install libaio-devel*.x86_64
yum install ksh*.x86_64

Add kernel parameters to /etc/sysctl.conf

# kernel parameters for 12gR1 installation

fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500kernel.panic_on_oops=1

Apply kernel parameters

/sbin/sysctl -p

Add following lines to set shell limits for user oracle in file /etc/security/limits.conf

# shell limits for users oracle 12gR1

oracle   soft   nofile   1024
oracle   hard   nofile   65536
oracle   soft   nproc    2047
oracle   hard   nproc    16384
oracle   soft   stack    10240
oracle   hard   stack    32768

Add following line in the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist

session required pam_limits.so

Modify /etc/selinux/config and change flag SELINUX. Restart server after this change.

SELINUX=permissive

Disable firewall

service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off

Additional steps

Add following lines in .bash_profile for user oracle

# Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA12C
export ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=ORA12C

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;

alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE'
alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME'
alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin'
alias envo='env | grep ORACLE'

umask 022if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
       ulimit -u 16384 
       ulimit -n 65536
    else
       ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
fienvo

Directory structure

Create directory structure as user root

ORACLE_BASE – /ora01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME – /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1

mkdir -p /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
chown oracle:oinstall -R /ora01

In Oracle Enterprise Linux 7 /tmp data is stored on tmpfs which consumes memory and is too small. To revert it back to storage just run following command and REBOOT machine to be effective.

systemctl mask tmp.mount

Install database software

Let’s start with database software installation as oracle user.

su - oracle

--unizp software it will create directory "database" 
--where you can find installation software
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip

--I defined 4 aliases in .bash_profile of user oracle to make 
--administration easier :)

[oracle@oel7 ~]$ alias envo cdob cdoh tns
alias envo='env | grep ORACLE'
alias cdob='cd $ORACLE_BASE'
alias cdoh='cd $ORACLE_HOME'
alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin'

--run alias command envo to display environment settings
envo
ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA12C
ORACLE_SID=ORA12C
ORACLE_BASE=/ora01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oel7.dbaora.com
ORACLE_HOME=/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1

--run alias command cdob and cdoh 
--to check ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_HOME 
[oracle@oel7 ~]$ cdob
[oracle@oel7 oracle]$ pwd
/ora01/app/oracle

[oracle@oel7 db_1]$ cdoh
[oracle@oel7 db_1]$ pwd
/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1

--run installation from "database" directory
./runInstall

1. Uncheck checkbox “I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support” and then click “Next” button.

2. Ignore following message and click “Yes” button.

3. Select “Create and configure a database” then click “Next” button.

4. Select “Server class” and click “Next” button.

5. Accept default “Single instance database installation” and click “Next” button.

6. Select “Advanced install” to later select more options during database installation and click “Next” button.

7. You can select language here. Once it’s done click “Next” button.

8. You can select here type of binaries to install. Once it’s done click “Next” button.

9. Here you should see directories for ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME for your binaries according to environmental settings. Click “Next” button.

10. Accept default and click “Next” button.

11. Accept default “General Purpose/ transaction Processing” and click “Next” button.

12. Here you define your database name. Check checkbox “Create as Container database” and enter “Pluggable database name” to add your first container ORA12C and pluggable PORA12C1 database and click “Next” button.

13. Specify more details about your database on 3 tabs where you can define memory settings, character set and if to install sample schema on your database. Once you are happy with your settings click “Next” button.

14. Specify directory where you want to install your database files then click “Next” button.

15. On this page you can register your database in Oracle Enterprise Manager”. Accept default settings and click “Next” button.

16. Check checkbox “Enable Recovery” to specify directory for your recovery area “Recovery area location” and click “Next” button.

17. Specify password for each user or enter the same for all. Once it’s done click “Next” button.

18. Here you can specify OS group for each oracle group. Accept default settings and click “Next” button.

19. Checks are started to verify if OS is ready to install database software.

20. If everything is right click “Install” button. It’s the last moment to come back to each of previous point and make changes.

21. Installation in progress … go play football

22. Once binaries are installed the last step is to run 2 scripts as user root.

--execute scripts
/ora01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh

23. Installation will continue …

24. Database Configuration Assistant will start automatically and create database for you.

25. When database is ready you should see summary window. You can click “Password Management” to change passwords for many accounts in database. Once it’s done click “OK” button to continue.

26. You are lucky 12C installation is completed. Click “Close” button.

27. Try to login as SYS to Enterprise manager Database express 12C . NOTE – It requires to install flash plug-in.

https://oel7.dbaora.com:5500/em

Remember it requires listener up and running.

Problem

In release 12.1.0.1 following bugs can be encountered

1. Linking errors ins_precomp.mk

Error in invoking target 'links proc gen_pcscfg procob' of makefile
'/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/precomp/lib/ins_precomp.mk'

To solve this problem do following as user oracle

• remove directory /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/lib/stubs

rm -rf /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/lib/stubs

• backup file $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk

cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/
cp env_rdbms.mk env_rdbms.mk.bck

• make changes in $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk

modify line 176

LINKTTLIBS=$(LLIBCLNTSH) $(ORACLETTLIBS) $(LINKLDLIBS)

to

LINKTTLIBS=$(LLIBCLNTSH) $(ORACLETTLIBS) $(LINKLDLIBS) -lons

modify line 279 and 280

LINK=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS) $(COMPSOBJS)
LINK32=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS32) $(COMPSOBJS)

to

LINK=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS) $(COMPSOBJS) -Wl,--no-as-neededLINK32=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS32) $(COMPSOBJS) -Wl,--no-as-needed

modify line 3041 and 3042

TG4PWD_LINKLINE= $(LINK) $(OPT) $(TG4PWDMAI) \
        $(LLIBTHREAD) $(LLIBCLNTSH) $(LINKLDLIBS)

to

TG4PWD_LINKLINE= $(LINK) $(OPT) $(TG4PWDMAI) \
        $(LLIBTHREAD) $(LLIBCLNTSH) $(LINKLDLIBS) -lnnz12

Once it’s done click “Retry” button. Linking should finish properly and binaries installation should continue.

2. Linking error ins_ctx.mk

Error in invoking target 'install' of makefile 
'/ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk'.

To solve this problem do following as user oracle

• remove directory /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/lib/stubs

rm -rf /ora01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/lib/stubs

• backup file $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk

cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/
cp env_rdbms.mk env_rdbms.mk.bck

• make modifications in file “$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib/env_ctx.mk”

modify line 154

LINK=$(LDCCOM)

to

LINK=$(LDCCOM) --Wl,--no-as-needed

Click the “Retry” button.