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k8s常用资源之deployment资源（六）

11 11月
作者:admin|分类:容器虚拟化

k8s常用资源之deployment资源

1.k8s资源常见操作

创建一个资源
kubectl create -f xxx.yaml

查看一个资源
kubectl get pod | rc

查看一个资源的详细过程
kubectl describe pos pod_name

删除一个资源
kubectl delete pod pod_name
kubectl delete -f xxx.yaml

编辑一个资源的配置文件
kubectl edit pod pod_name

2.deployment资源

在rc滚动升级之后，会造成服务访问中断，于是k8s引入了deployment资源。

rc升级需要配置文件，然后rc的标签在两个配置文件中肯定不能相同，因此当rc升级成功后，标签就会更换成新的，标签一换，与svc关联的标签就无效了，就导致业务资源访问失败。

deployment资源先启动一个rs资源，rs控制pod的数量

rs 90%的功能和rc 一样

deployment回滚的时候很难区别回滚的版本，因此我们会使用kubectl run命令来创建资源

2.1.创建一个deployment资源

使用ymal文件创建deployment资源时可以使加上–record参数，记录每次操作的版本

[root@k8s-master k8s]# mkdir deployment
[root@k8s-master k8s]# cd deployment/

1)编辑deploy
[root@k8s-master deployment]# vim k8s_deploy.yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1			//api版本
kind: Deployment		//资源类型
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment		//资源名称
spec:	
  replicas: 3				//pod数量
  template:
    metadata:		
      labels:
        app: nginx			//标签名称
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx			//容器名
        image: 192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.13		//镜像地址
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80			//端口
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 100m			//最小CPU使用
          requests:
            cpu: 100m				//最大CPU使用

2)创建deploy资源
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl create -f k8s_deploy.yaml 
deployment "nginx-deployment" created

2.2.使外界能够访问到deployment资源

1)创建一个svc资源
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mynginx			//标签与deployment的对应上
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 80
      targetPort: 80
  selector:
    app: nginx

2)查看svc资源
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl describe svc mynginx
Name:			mynginx
Namespace:		default
Labels:			<none>
Selector:		app=nginx
Type:			NodePort
IP:			10.254.36.92
Port:			<unset>	80/TCP
NodePort:		<unset>	9907/TCP
Endpoints:		172.16.16.2:80,172.16.56.2:80,172.16.56.3:80
Session Affinity:	None
No events.


3)查看deployment和svc资源之间的关系
会发现deployment是由rs资源创建的标签，svc的标签和rs的标签一致
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl get all -o wide
NAME                      DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deploy/nginx-deployment   3         3         3            3           7m

NAME             CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)       AGE       SELECTOR
svc/kubernetes   10.254.0.1      <none>        443/TCP       11d       <none>
svc/mynginx      10.254.36.92    <nodes>       80:9907/TCP   6m        app=nginx
svc/myweb2       10.254.250.66   <nodes>       80:3000/TCP   1d        app=myweb

NAME                            DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE       CONTAINER(S)   IMAGE(S)                        SELECTOR
rs/nginx-deployment-416036800   3         3         3         7m        nginx          192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.13   app=nginx,pod-template-hash=416036800

NAME                                  READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP            NODE
po/nginx-deployment-416036800-6m3k3   1/1       Running   0          7m        172.16.16.2   192.168.81.230
po/nginx-deployment-416036800-p04lp   1/1       Running   0          7m        172.16.56.3   192.168.81.220
po/nginx-deployment-416036800-q25q8   1/1       Running   0          7m        172.16.56.2   192.168.81.220

4)访问资源
[root@k8s-master deployment]# curl -I 192.168.81.220:9907
HTTP/1.1 200 OK

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-A17dKdV3-1603247126554)(C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20200722230715022.png)]

2.3.deployment升级

deployment升级非常简单，只需要edit配置文件即可
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl edit deployment nginx-deployment 
       - image: 192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.15			36行，修改镜像即可
deployment "nginx-deployment" edited

升级前后对比
前
[root@k8s-master deployment]# curl -I 192.168.81.220:9907
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.13.12
后
[root@k8s-master deployment]# curl -I 192.168.81.220:9907
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.15.12

2.4.deployment回滚和命令升级

升级回滚命令语法：

​ 命令格式：kubectl rollout 参数 资源类型 资源名称

2.4.1.查看deployment有哪些历史升级版本

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginx-deployment 
deployments "nginx-deployment"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
1		<none>
2		<none>

REVISION：版本号
CHANGE-CAUSE：升级内容

2.4.2.回滚到上个版本

undo参数表示回滚到上一个版本
1)查看当前所有的deployment版本
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginx-deployment 
deployments "nginx-deployment"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
1		<none>
2		<none>

2)查看当前nginx的版本
[root@k8s-master deployment]# curl -I 192.168.81.230:9907
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.15.12

3)回滚到上一个版本
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx-deployment 
deployment "nginx-deployment" rolled back
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginx-deployment 
deployments "nginx-deployment"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
2		<none>
3		<none>
回滚完成后会发现当时的1变成了3

4)查看nginx版本
[root@k8s-master deployment]# curl -I 192.168.81.230:9907
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.13.12

在这里插入图片描述

2.4.3.回滚到指定版本

常用于版本非常多的情况下

1)指定回滚到版本2
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx-deployment --to-revision=2

2)会发现当时的2变成了4
deployment "nginx-deployment" rolled back
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginx-deployment 
deployments "nginx-deployment"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
3		<none>
4		<none>

2.4.4.kubectl 创建一个deployment

命令格式：

​ kubectl run 资源名称 --image=镜像地址 --replicas=pod数量 --record

–record表示记录回滚、升级内容

1)kubectl run创建一个deployment资源
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=192.168.81.230/k8s/nginx:1.13 --replicas=3 --record
deployment "nginx-deployment" created

2)查看资源的版本，会看到change-cause一列有了升级内容
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginx-deployment 
deployments "nginx-deployment"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
1		kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=192.168.81.230/k8s/nginx:1.13 --replicas=3 --record

3)edit升级看结果
[root@k8s-master deployment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginx-deployment 
deployments "nginx-deployment"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
1		kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=192.168.81.230/k8s/nginx:1.13 --replicas=3 --record
2		kubectl edit deployment nginx-deployment
会发现只记录了edit命令并不记录里面改了什么

2.4.5.set命令升级

语法格式：

​ kubectl set image 资源类型 资源名 容器名=镜像路径

资源名后面的容器名是由于可能创建deployment资源时会创建多个容器，因此需要区分是对哪个容器进行升级

1)创建一个deployment资源
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl run nginxdeploy --image=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.13 --replicas=3 --record 
deployment "nginxdeploy" created

2)查看deployment资源创建的rs资源关联的容器名
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl get all -o wide
NAME                      DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deploy/ngin[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl get all -o wide
NAME                 DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deploy/nginxdeploy   3         3         3            3           3s

NAME             CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)       AGE       SELECTOR
svc/kubernetes   10.254.0.1      <none>        443/TCP       12d       <none>
svc/mynginx      10.254.36.92    <nodes>       80:9907/TCP   1d        app=nginx
svc/myweb2       10.254.250.66   <nodes>       80:3000/TCP   2d        app=myweb

NAME                        DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE       CONTAINER(S)   IMAGE(S)                        SELECTOR
rs/nginxdeploy-4280591583   3         3         3         3s        nginxdeploy    192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.13   pod-template-hash=4280591583,run=nginxdeploy

NAME                              READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP            NODE
po/nginxdeploy-4280591583-6q6kg   1/1       Running   0          3s        172.16.19.3   192.168.81.220
po/nginxdeploy-4280591583-gcv47   1/1       Running   0          3s        172.16.48.2   192.168.81.230
po/nginxdeploy-4280591583-h80m5   1/1       Running   0          3s        172.16.19.2   192.168.81.220

3)查看deployment资源的版本
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginxdeploy 
deployments "nginxdeploy"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
1		kubectl run nginxdeploy --image=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.13 --replicas=3 --record

4)升级deployment资源
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl set image deploy nginxdeploy nginxdeploy=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.15
deployment "nginxdeploy" image updated

5)查看升级后的版本
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginxdeploy 
deployments "nginxdeploy"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
1		kubectl run nginxdeploy --image=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.13 --replicas=3 --record
2		kubectl set image deploy nginxdeploy nginxdeploy=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.15

在这里插入图片描述

2.4.6.回滚set升级的版本

1)查看可以回滚的版本，最往后的表示当前版本
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginxdeploy 
deployments "nginxdeploy"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
1		kubectl run nginxdeploy --image=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.13 --replicas=3 --record
2		kubectl set image deploy nginxdeploy nginxdeploy=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.15

2)指定回滚到版本1
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl rollout undo deployment nginxdeploy --to-revision=1
deployment "nginxdeploy" rolled back

3)查看回滚
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginxdeploy 
deployments "nginxdeploy"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
2		kubectl set image deploy nginxdeploy nginxdeploy=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.15
3		kubectl run nginxdeploy --image=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.13 --replicas=3 --record

2.4.7.利用yaml创建资源时记录升级内容

1)只需要增加--record即可
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl create -f k8s_deploy.yaml --record 
deployment "nginx-deployment" created

2)查看版本
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginx-deployment 
deployments "nginx-deployment"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
1		kubectl create -f k8s_deploy.yaml --record

3)升级
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl set image deploy nginx-deployment nginx=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.15
deployment "nginx-deployment" image updated

4)查看记录的版本
[root@k8s-master delpoyment]# kubectl rollout history deployment nginx-deployment 
deployments "nginx-deployment"
REVISION	CHANGE-CAUSE
1		kubectl create -f k8s_deploy.yaml --record
2		kubectl set image deploy nginx-deployment nginx=192.168.81.240/k8s/nginx:1.15

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